New York ? A red-light district tentatively cleared for construction on the Internet – the “.xxx” domain – is being billed by backers as giving the $12 billion online porn industry a great opportunity to clean up its act.

A distinct online sector for the salacious, one with rules aimed at forbidding trickery, will reduce the chances of Internet users accidentally stumbling on porn sites, they argue.

If only it were so simple:

Zoning in cyberspace has always been a daunting proposition, and participation in the porn domain will be voluntary. Critics wonder why “.xxx” got the OK at all when so many other proposals sit unaddressed, some for years.

Nearly five years after rejecting a similar proposal, the Internet’s key oversight body, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, voted 6-3 this month to proceed with “.xxx.”

ICANN staff will now craft a contract with ICM Registry Inc., the Jupiter, Fla., company that made the bid. If the board and ultimately the U.S. Commerce Department approve it, “.xxx” names could appear in use by the year’s end.

The market unquestionably exists: Two in five Internet users visited an adult site in April, according to tracking by comScore Media Metrix. The company said 4 percent of all Web traffic and 2 percent of all surfing time involved an adult site.

As envisioned, ICM would charge $60 for each of up to 500,000 names it expects to register, $10 of which would go to a nonprofit organization that would, among other things, educate parents about safe surfing for children.

The nonprofit, run by representatives of adult Web sites, free-speech, privacy and child-advocacy concerns, would determine registration eligibility.

Skeptics argue, however, that porn sites are likely to keep their existing “.com” storefronts, even as they set up shop in the new “.xxx” domain name. And that will reduce the effectiveness of software filters set up to simply block all “.xxx” names.

The “.xxx” domain “legitimizes this group, and it gives false hope to parents,” said Patrick Trueman, senior legal counsel at the Family Research Council and a former Justice Department official in charge of obscenity prosecutions.

Problems still remain

The adult entertainment industry is also hardly behind “.xxx.” Many of its webmasters consider the domain “the first step toward driving the adult Internet into a ghetto very much like zoning laws have driven adult stores into the outskirts,” said Mark Kernes, senior editor at the trade monthly Adult Video News.

ICM insists it would fight any government efforts to compel its use by adult Web sites, but the existence of “.xxx” would certainly make the prospect easier.

Robert Corn-Revere, a lawyer hired by ICM to address free-speech issues, said the company has pledged $250,000 for a legal defense fund to keep “.xxx” voluntary, and he notes that courts have struck down efforts to make movie ratings mandatory.

Even if it were mandatory, it wouldn’t be foolproof. A domain name serves merely as an easy-to-remember moniker for a site’s actual numeric Internet address. David Burt, a spokesman for filtering vendor Secure Computing Corp., said a child could simply use the numeric address when the “.xxx” equivalent gets blocked.

Better technologies exist, he said, including a little-used self-rating system that lets Web sites broadcast whether they contain nudity, violence or foul language.

New domains needed

Burt also favors a “.kids” domain that would serve as a safe haven for children. The U.S. government has approved one under “.us,” but support has been cool, with only about two dozen “.kids.us” sites listed.

ICM proposed both “.xxx” and “.kids” in 2000, but ICANN board members resisted them for fear of getting into content control. Instead, ICANN approved “.info,” “.biz,” and “.museum” and four others.

But pressure has continued to mount for ICANN to expand the number of domain names, and last year it reopened bidding on .xxx.