Activists paint their bodies for campaign against climate change during a demonstration as Indonesian police block a road to keep them from proceeding to the U.N climate conference venue on Friday in Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia. Delegates from nearly 190 nations are attending the Dec. 3-14 gathering in Bali, which is charged with launching negotiations that will eventually lead to an international accord to succeed the 1997 Kyoto Protocol on global warming.

Bali, Indonesia ? China insisted Friday the U.S. and other wealthy nations should bear the burden of curbing global warming, saying the problem was created by their lavish way of life. It rejected mandatory emission cuts for its own developing industries.

Environmental activists, meanwhile, labeled the United States and Saudi Arabia the worst “climate sinners,” accusing them of having inadequate polices for climate problems while letting greenhouse gas emissions rise. But the activists also said no country is doing enough.

Su Wei, a top climate expert for China’s government attending the U.N. Climate Change Conference, said the job belongs to the wealthy. He said it was unfair to ask developing nations to accept binding emissions cuts and other restrictions being pushed for already industrialized states.

He said the United States and its fellow industrial nations have long spewed greenhouse gases into the atmosphere while newly emerging economies have done so for only a few decades.

“China is in the process of industrialization and there is a need for economic growth to meet the basic needs of the people and fight against poverty,” Su said.

While many experts believe China has surpassed the United States as the world’s top emitter of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases, Su noted the Chinese population is far bigger and said America’s emissions per person are six times higher than in China.

“I think there is much room for the United States to think whether it’s possible to change (its) lifestyle and consumption patterns in order to contribute to the protection of the global climate,” he said.

China is one of nearly 190 nations participating in the Dec. 3-14 conference, which is intended to launch negotiations on a new climate treaty to replace the 1997 Kyoto Protocol when it expires in 2012.

The Kyoto pact, which was rejected by the United States, commits three dozen industrial countries that signed on to cut emissions by an average of 5 percent below 1990 levels over the next five years. One of the factors that led President Bush to reject Kyoto was that it didn’t require any cuts by fast-developing countries like China, India and Brazil.

Beijing was long accused by environmentalists of evading the issue of global warming, but it is drawing praise for a new attitude at Bali even though China still relies heavily on dirty, outdated coal-burning techniques and is home to 20 of the world’s 30 most polluted cities.

The environmental watchdog Germanwatch said Friday that China moved up four spots, to No. 40, on the group’s annual ranking of the climate performance of 56 industrialized and emerging countries.

Germanwatch said Beijing has enacted policies promoting renewable energy, including mandates that solar, wind and hydroelectric systems provide 10 percent of China’s power by 2010.

Saudi Arabia was listed as last among the 56 nations, right below the United States.

The group said Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest oil exporter, was the biggest “climate sinner” for the second year in a row because its emissions are rising and it has no firm policies to address that.

The United States was ranked No. 55 because it opposes mandatory cuts in emissions and argues that technology, private investment and economic growth will save the planet from global warming.