Washington ? A plan to tighten U.S. borders by requiring passports or tamper-resistant identification cards from everyone entering the country by land from Mexico and Canada has been delayed.

House and Senate lawmakers agreed to push back the program by 17 months, saying they want to make sure new ID cards being developed by the Bush administration will better secure borders against terrorists without slowing legitimate travelers from Canada and Mexico. The new IDs will be required for Americans and all others entering the U.S.

The delay would only apply to travelers entering the U.S. over land borders from Canada and Mexico. It would not affect travel rules for people coming into the country by airplane or boat, who will have to show their passports to Customs officials as of Jan. 8, 2007, to gain entry.

The border crackdown was wrapped up in an overall $34.8 billion spending plan for the Homeland Security Department. The House and Senate each aim to approve it later this week, before lawmakers recess for the elections.

The spending bill reflects “a dramatic step forward toward making sure that our borders are secure,” Sen. Judd Gregg, R-N.H., who helped negotiate the measure, said Tuesday.

Gregg added: “We still have a long way to go. Nobody is going to argue about that.”

The massive spending bill also includes plans to:

¢ Spend $1.2 billion on border fencing, vehicle barriers and technology to prevent illegal immigrants and criminals from sneaking into the country.

¢ Overhaul the Federal Emergency Management Agency to give its director a direct line to the president during catastrophes and remerge disaster preparedness planning with response missions.

¢ Give the Homeland Security Department authority to shut down chemical plants that fail to meet security standards.

¢ Buy nuclear detectors to scan shipping cargo and hire more Coast Guard inspectors and Customs agents at seaports.

¢ Allow Americans to legally import a 90-day supply of prescription medications from Canada by carrying them back across the border, while retaining bans on importing drugs by mail or the Internet.

Lawmakers who represent states on the Canadian border have long opposed the tamperproof ID program that was urged by the 9/11 Commission. They fear the plans will slow cross-border commerce with Canada – the largest trading partner of the U.S. – and scare away tourists.

Currently, border crossers need only a picture ID card, like a driver’s license, and a birth certificate to get into the United States. Neither document would be accepted under the proposed rules because they can be easily forged.

Instead, the administration is seeking to require border crossers to show passports or a cheaper alternative, dubbed a “PASS” card, that is still being designed. But technology to read the cards, as well as security standards to make sure they work, is not ready. The congressional agreement would delay the program until June 2009.