When choosing a respirator, consider its rating and whether it's designed to filter particles, dust or both.

Respirators protect us from hazardous airborne particles and fumes. Choosing the right respirator for the job will help you breathe easy.

Respirators and dust masks are not the same. Dust masks are not OSHA approved and will not filter out harmful particles. Choose a respirator that is OSHA approved and rated N95 or higher.

All respirators are rated by a simple letter and number combination. The letter designates the makeup of the particle the mask can filter and the number designates the respirator’s filtering efficiency. N-Series filters work on all non-oil based particles and fumes. R-Series filters are oil-resistant and P-Series filters are oil-proof. Choose N-Series respirators for most household projects. Choose R- or P-Series respirators when oil-based particles are present.

N-Series respirators can be used again and again, until they become damaged or when breathing becomes difficult. Choose a N-Series respirator for long-term use. R-Series respirators are rated for no more than eight hours of continuous or intermittent use. P-Series filters are rated for no more than 40 hours or 30 days of use. Dispose of R- or P-Series respirators after each job.

A N95 respirator is 95 percent efficient in filtering hazardous particles. A N99 is 99 percent efficient and a N100 filter is 99.97 percent efficient. Choose a respirator with a higher number rating for areas where ventilation is an issue.

Some respirators are designed to capture particles and dust, while others are designed specifically for fumes. Choose a particulate respirator for jobs with airborne particles. Choose a gas and fume respirator for jobs involving sprays and airborne vapors. Choose a combination respirator when both dust and fumes will be present.

Some respirators are equipped with a one-way exhalation valve. These valves greatly improve the comfort and effectiveness of the filtering process by eliminating the buildup of hot, moist air inside the mask. Choose a respirator with an exhalation valve for added comfort and for any job that requires physical activity.

A respirator is only protective if it is fitted properly and worn correctly. Choose a respirator with adjustable straps and a molded nose bridge for the best fit. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for donning the respirator and then place both hands over the mask and take a deep breath to ensure the respirator seals tightly to your face.

— Have a home improvement question for the Fix-It Chick? Email it to Linda Cottin at features@ljworld.com.