Concrete driveways and patios are expensive. Protect your investment with a good-quality concrete sealer.

A properly applied sealant will create a barrier between the concrete and destructive elements such as water, ice, oils, grease and chemicals, including ice melt.

Step 1: Acrylic sealants are the most common, least expensive and easiest to use. They will typically need to be applied every 1 to 3 years depending on wear and weather conditions. Choose a satin-finish sealer such as Quikrete’s Cure and Seal to seal smooth and rough surfaces when cost and traction is a concern.

Step 2: Wet-look sealers work well on interior or exterior surfaces that are not smooth. Using a wet-look or glossy finish on smooth surfaces can create a very slick surface, especially if water is present. It is best to avoid using glossy finishes on driveways, sidewalks or any interior surface that may be exposed to water, such as a garage floor.

Step 3: Choose a penetrating sealer or epoxy-based sealer for longer-lasting protection. The more expensive sealants will seep into the concrete, sealing the pours, creating a more impermeable surface.

Step 4: Regardless of which sealer is chosen, preparation is the key to a durable and effective finish. Confirm that the concrete is permeable before beginning the project. A simple water test will show if the concrete needs to be sealed. Place a few drops of water on the concrete surface; if it absorbs into the concrete, a sealer is needed. If the water beads up, the concrete is sealed and no further action is required.

Step 5: Apply sealant when temperatures are above 50 degrees Fahrenheit and there is no rain in the forecast for at least 24 hours. For new concrete, wait at least 30 days before applying sealant of any kind.

Step 6: Clean the surface to be sealed with a nonresidual cleaner such as TSP or Dirtex. Allow it to dry completely before proceeding.

Step 7: Wear protective clothing and goggles when applying sealant.

Step 8: Following the manufacturer’s instructions, apply the first layer of sealant using a tank sprayer, brush or roller. Apply the sealant uniformly, wiping away any puddles.

Step 9: Apply a second coat immediately following the first.

Step 10: Let the sealant dry thoroughly, usually around 8 to 10 hours, before allowing foot traffic. Wait at least 24 hours before exposing it to heavy traffic.

— Have a home improvement question for the Fix-It Chick? Email it to Linda Cottin at features@ljworld.com.