Florida ? For the first time, a miniature heart pump shows the potential to become a widely used, permanent treatment for many older people with severe heart failure. But can we afford it?

In a study of 200 patients, the new device increased by four times the number who survived at least two years compared with an older pump that had drawbacks limiting its use, doctors reported Tuesday.

However, the HeartMate II costs $80,000 plus $45,000 or so for the surgery and the hospital stay necessary to implant it.

“It will allow older people who are not heart transplant patients to stay alive but at a higher cost. It’s all about who’s going to pay,” said Cleveland Clinic heart chief Dr. Steven Nissen, who had no role in the research.