Hillside, N.J. ? The biggest anti-terrorism drill ever held in the United States got under way Monday with a mock biological attack in New Jersey and a simulated chemical-weapons explosion in Connecticut.

Named TOPOFF 3, the $16 million, weeklong exercise is meant to find weak spots in the nation’s emergency planning.

“I want to make it clear that we are going to push our plans and our systems to the very limit,” U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff said. “So we expect failure because we’re actually going to be seeking to push to failure, and that is, in our judgment, the best way to get a ‘lessons learned’ from what we do here.”

Although no real weapons or bio-agents are used, state and local officials responded as if it were the real thing, sending ambulances to hospitals and flooding the area with investigators and emergency workers in haz-mat suits.

“It’s a test of how well people are communicating with each other and whether the right people are getting pulled into this exercise,” said Roger Shatzkin, a spokesman for New Jersey’s Office of Counterterrorism.

The biological attack drill started in New Jersey at the Hillside campus of Kean University with officers swarming around the scene of a mock auto wreck. A hose nozzle sticking out a rear window of one vehicle raised cautions; they found a commercial sprayer that presumably had been used to disperse a fake biological agent.

Officials also rolled in a bomb-squad robot with a mounted video camera to allow investigators to peer inside the suspicious vehicle from a safe distance.

Emergency officials take part in an anti-terror drill consisting of a simulated explosion and chemical arttack in New London, Conn., Monday.

In Connecticut, federal officials staged a mock chemical weapons explosion on the New London waterfront. Buses were overturned to create a realistic scene, and volunteers played victims of the attack.

All told, more than 10,000 people will participate in the drill. More than 8,500 people took part in similar anti-terror exercises in Seattle and Chicago in 2003.

Today and Wednesday, the drill will shift to hospitals, where hundreds of mock patients will show up in various degrees of medical crisis. Some will be treated in emergency rooms, while others might undergo outdoor decontamination.

Members of the Union County, N.J., bomb squad look at a police robot that was used during a mock disaster drill Monday in Hillside, N.J. The largest anti-terror drill ever undertaken in the United States started Monday, with police officers investigating a fake car accident and health officials on the lookout for a fake biological attack.