SACRAMENTO, CALIF. ? Gone are the good old days of distracted driving, when motorists merely juggled coffee, shaved, read a map, drove with a pet in the lap and lit cigarettes. Millions of Americans are taking traditional driver absent-mindedness to new heights.

They’re talking on cell phones, sending and receiving pages, checking sports scores on personal digital assistants and even sneaking a glance or two at television. The much-maligned cell phone, experts say, is just the tip of the iceberg.

In California, which has long defined American car culture, commute-weary drivers are adding VCR and DVD players, fax machines and dashboard video screens for satellite navigation systems.

The blurring line between the office and the driver’s seat is raising fears among authorities, lawmakers and insurance companies as more people are literally driven to distraction.

Nationally, officials believe up to 30 percent of crashes are caused by driver distractions that include mobile communications devices.

A March report by the National Conference of State Legislatures suggests device-related distractions that killed an estimated 600 to 1,000 motorists in 2001 could kill 2,000 a year by 2004.

“We see it all the time,” said Leo Williams, a North Carolina trucker who watches passengers and drivers play video games, hold phones to their ears and work laptop computers.

At a truck stop east of San Francisco, New Mexico trucker Gene Smith added: “Computers. They’re going down the road with a computer on in the front seat. I see more of that.”

Academics have coined the word “carcooning” to describe how people increasingly outfit their cars for comfort, entertainment and productivity.

That trend has alarmed some California legislators, who proposed bills this year and last to follow the lead of New York state and ban California drivers from using hand-held cell phones.

Both measures died after vigorous opposition from communications companies, who argued that the number of wireless phone users had jumped from 10 million in 1988 to 120 million in 2002 without a huge corresponding increase in car crashes.

Back at the truck stop, Williams and Smith grouse about “the lady in the van, on the phone, smoking a cigarette, drinking coffee, fixing her hair and taking the kids to school.”

But Williams also confessed to a cell phone habit, saying “I can’t say anything. I have one myself.”

And Smith pointed to the laptop computer in his front seat. “They give me my load assignments on this,” he said.