Hydrographer Rachel Medley takes a sample from a water column sampler that was recovered from the Gulf of Mexico on Friday on board the NOAA Ship Pisces about 9 miles south of the Deepwater Horizon oil wellhead near the coast of Louisiana. New guidelines were released Friday that hinted that those closest to the oil might have the best chance of winning an emergency claim.

Miami ? A flower shop in Florida that saw a drop-off in weddings this summer is probably out of luck. So is a restaurant in Idaho that had to switch seafood suppliers. A hardware store on the Mississippi coast may be left out, too.

The latest guidelines for BP’s $20 billion victims compensation fund say the nearer you are geographically to the oil spill and the more closely you depend on the Gulf of Mexico’s natural resources, the better chance you have of getting a share of the money.

Also, a second set of rules expected this fall will require that businesses and individuals seeking compensation for long-term losses give up their right to sue BP and other spill-related companies — something that could save the oil giant billions.

The new rules for the claims process were released Friday by Washington lawyer Kenneth Feinberg, who was picked by President Barack Obama to run the fund and previously oversaw claims for 9/11 victims. Beginning Monday, the claims will be handled by Feinberg rather than BP, which is still footing the entire $20 billion bill.

Who gets paid and who doesn’t will depend largely on how much proof there is that losses were caused by the spill and not by something else, such as the recession. Feinberg’s guidelines say key factors include a claimant’s geographic proximity to the disaster and how much the business or property is linked to “injured natural resources.”

Feinberg elaborated on his reasoning during town meetings this week in Louisiana.

“How close are you to the beach? To the Gulf? BP got claims from restaurants in Idaho. Go figure,” he said. “How close are you? That’s a major factor. How dependent are you, as an individual or a business, on the resources of the Gulf?”

That worries business owners like Susan Mitchell, who runs a flower shop about a mile from Pensacola Beach, Fla., where tarballs from the spill washed up. She said her business was down about $4,000 this year in July from the year before.

“But it is hard to prove exactly why that is and everyone keeps telling us we have to prove that it was because of the oil,” she said. “We usually have beach weddings all summer. We deliver to hotels with people having birthday parties and celebrations on the beach.”

Jeffrey Breit, a Virginia-based lawyer who represents more than 600 Gulf Coast fishermen, said the geographic limitations will certainly cut out many deserving claimants.

“I think it’s unfair to draw arbitrary geographic lines when it is clear that many businesses rely on the natural resources of the Gulf for their livelihoods,” Breit said.

The new rules govern emergency claims that can be made between Monday and Nov. 23 at Gulf Coast claims offices, by mail or through the Internet. Feinberg said his goal is to issue emergency checks within 24 hours for individuals and seven days for businesses. Many people have complained about the sluggish BP process.

The attorneys general of Alabama and Florida sent Feinberg letters objecting to many of the new rules. Florida’s Bill McCollum said people will face a much heavier burden of proof trying to show the spill caused their losses.

“The current process appears to be even less generous to Floridians than the BP process,” McCollum wrote. “Such an outcome is completely unacceptable.”

Those seeking emergency payments will not have to give up their right to sue BP and other companies. But the rules for final, long-term settlements will include a waiver of that right.