Acting in quick succession, the House and Senate approved budgets Thursday night drawn to President Barack Obama’s specifications and pointing the way toward major legislation later this year on health care, energy and education.

“It’s going to take a lot of work to clean up the mess we inherited, and passing this budget is a critical step in the right direction,” Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., said. “Staying true to these priorities will help turn around the economy for the many Americans who are underwater right now.”

Republicans in both houses accused Democrats of drafting plans that would hurt the recession-ravaged economy in the long run, rather than help it, and saddle future generations with too much debt.

“The administration’s budget simply taxes too much, spends too much and borrows too much at a moment when we can least afford it,” said the Senate Republican leader, Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.

But a Republican alternative fared poorly in the House, where 38 GOP lawmakers voted against a plan supported by their own leadership. Officials ascribed much of the opposition to a provision that called for eliminating traditional fee-for-service Medicare for individuals who reach age 65 in 2020 or later and replacing it with coverage from private insurance companies.

On a long day and night, the House was first to vote, and approved its version of the budget on a 233-196 roll call that fell largely along party lines. It calls for spending of $3.6 trillion for the budget year that begins Oct. 1, and includes a deficit of $1.2 trillion.

The Senate acted a few hours later, with Vice President Joe Biden presiding. The vote was 55-43 for a slightly different blueprint that calls for spending $3.5 trillion and forecasts a deficit of $1.2 trillion.

Both deficit forecasts are exceedingly high by historical standards. But they would represent an improvement over this year’s projected total of $1.8 trillion, swollen by spending and tax cuts designed to rejuvenate the economy as well as steps to bail out the financial industry.

The day’s events capped a busy three months for the Democratic-controlled Congress that took office in January.

Moving with unusual speed, lawmakers have enacted a $787 billion economic stimulus measure, cleared the way for release of $350 billion in financial industry bailout funds, approved an expansion of children’s health care and sent Obama legislation setting aside more than 2 million acres in nine states as protected wilderness.

The White House issued a statement hailing the House vote as “another step toward rebuilding our struggling economy.”

The budget plans do not require Obama’s signature, but the House and Senate will have to reconcile the two versions before they can move onto the next phase of the presidential agenda.